Hypertension or hypertension is a disease we are very familiar with. This disease usually builds our body in years of effort. Most people are not aware of the symptoms. As a result, hypertension spreads throughout our body.
In some cases, there are no previous signs of the disease but the disease can ruin important organs such as blood vessels, eyes, heart, brain and kidneys. So, we need to have a clear idea about this disease.
What is high blood pressure?
When our body’s blood pressure becomes higher than normal, it is called hypertension or hypertension. Blood pressure is basically the amount of blood flowing through the arteries and the amount of obstruction the heart is pumping.
If the artery becomes thin, it will block blood flow. As well as arterial narrowing, blood pressure increases in the arteries If blood pressure continues to rise for a long period of time, many more problems arise in the body. Especially heart disease.
If hypertension is diagnosed early on, it is easy to deal with it. So we need to check blood pressure regularly.
If blood pressure rises for any reason, it is necessary to consult the doctor for a one to two weeks blood test. It is possible to confirm initially whether there is hypertension. The sooner you are able to diagnose the disease, the faster it is possible to take action against it.
Symptoms of hypertension
High blood pressure is a kind of silent killer. In many cases there is no sign of the disease. Sometimes it takes years or even more than a decade to manifest the obvious symptoms of the disease. Again there are signs of this disease that are related to other diseases. As a result, symptoms of hypertension cannot be identified separately. However, before the disease becomes fatal, the symptoms are:
- Severe headache
- Weakness of breath
- Bleeding from the nose
- Insomnia
- Dizziness
- Chest pain
- Changes in vision
- Bleeding with urine
If any of the above symptoms occur, the doctor should seek refuge immediately. These symptoms may be caused by another disease. However, one should not wait for another symptom after one symptom is revealed.
If there is a possibility of high blood pressure, then the doctor should take refuge for some time. If other family members have high blood pressure, especially if the parent is a child, there is a high chance of having a child.
Types of hypertension
There are usually two types of hypertension. One. Major hypertension and two. Secondary hypertension. There are different causes for both types of hypertension.
Major or primary hypertension
This hypertension is called essential hypertension. This type of hypertension arises in our body without any significant cause Most people in the world have this type of hypertension.
Researchers have not yet discovered any obvious cause for increased blood pressure and primary hypertension. However, a number of possible factors are responsible for this. However, they are not exactly the cause of primary hypertension.
Gene: Many people have high blood pressure due to genetic reasons. Many of the genes are inherited from parents.
Physical changes: If a part of our body changes, it undergoes various tests within our body. Primary hypertension may also be the result of any such physiological changes.
Environment: Excessive work, unhealthy lifestyle, lack of physical exercise and poor diet can lead to hypertension. Especially because of the bad way of life our body gains weight. And due to the extra weight, the risk of hypertension is high.
Secondary hypertension
Secondary hypertension occurs very quickly and is more dangerous than primary hypertension. There may be secondary hypertension for various reasons. Notable factors include:
- Kidney problems
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Heart problems
- Thyroid problems
- Side effects of the medicine
- Taking drugs
- Excessive drinking
- Urinary problems
- Endocrine tumor
Method of diagnosis of hypertension
Hypertension is very easy to diagnose. The diagnosis can be made very easily by blood pressure tests. However, once or twice, it is not possible to confirm the blood pressure problem.
If the blood pressure is higher than normal then it should be measured in a week. If there is no improvement then the doctors will give some tests to make the next decision. The tests that doctors usually allow are:
- Urine test
- Cholesterol screening
- Blood tests
- Electrocardiogram (EKG / ECG)
- Heart and kidney
- Ultrasonography
Different types of blood pressure readings
It is very easy to get an idea of the type of hypertension from various blood pressure lessons. Blood pressure lessons are mainly expressed in two indices. The high index is called systolic pressure. The lower index is called diastolic. Blood Pressure Lessons are basically divided into five parts.
Healthy Blood Pressure: If blood pressure is 120/5 it is called healthy blood pressure.
Hypertension: If systolic reading is 122-12 and diastolic reading is less than 1 it is called hypertension. However, doctors do not prescribe any medication for such blood pressure. In this case, they talk about changing the lifestyle.
Hypertension Stage One: Systolic Lessons 1-5 and Diastolic Lessons 1-5 are called Stage One Hypertension
Hypertension Stage Two: If systolic reading is 5 or higher and diastolic reading is 1 or higher it is called hypertension stage two.
Hypertensive Crisis: If systolic reading is greater than 1 and diastolic reading is more than 122 it is called hypertensive crisis. In case of blood pressure of this dose, urgent basis should be taken to the doctor. If the patient has headache, chest pain, blurred vision and shortness of breath, he should be admitted to the hospital on an emergency basis.
Treatment of hypertension
Physicians treat hypertension based on various indicators. Especially after confirming the type of hypertension the patient has and the reason behind it, doctors determine the correct treatment method.
If a patient has primary hypertension, doctors advise him to change his lifestyle. But if it does not work, then the doctors give the medicine.
On the other hand, certain medications are given from the beginning as a treatment for secondary hypertension. After taking the medicine, the doctors decide whether to change the medication or make any other decision on the blood pressure.
High blood pressure medication
There are different types of medications in the market for high blood pressure. However, it is important to first confirm which drug is effective with the patient’s body. Accordingly doctors prescribe medication Commonly used drugs for this disease are:
Beta-blockers: Beta-blockers slow the heartbeat and reduce the pressure on the heart. As a result, each time the heartbeat pumps less blood. As a result, blood pressure is reduced. At the same time, the drug reduces the speed of hormone production that increases blood pressure.
Diuretics: High levels of sodium and excess fluid increase blood pressure. By eating a type of tablet called diuretics, excess sodium in the body is released through the kidneys. After sodium is released, excess water is released from the body as a urine. This reduces blood pressure.
ACE inhibitors: A type of chemical called angiotensin that tightens and tightens our blood vessels and arteries. As a result, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors reduce angiotensin production in the body. As a result, blood vessels relax and blood pressure decreases.
Angiotensin Two Receptor Blockers (Angiotensin II receptor blockers [ARBs]): ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin. ARB, on the other hand, prevents angiotensin from forming a bond with its receptors.
Calcium channel blockers: This drug prevents the entry of calcium into the heart. As a result, the heartbeat low-pressure heartbeat. This reduces blood pressure. This medicine helps the blood vessels to relax somewhat.
Alpha-2 agonists: This medication changes nerve conduction. Which usually tightens the aorta. After taking this medicine, the blood vessels remain calm and blood pressure decreases.
Domestic treatment of high blood pressure
The most effective treatment for hypertension is a healthy lifestyle. That is, to adhere to the right lifestyle. However, there are also some domestic treatment methods by which the disease can be controlled.
Develop healthy eating habits
The list of foods should include foods that are beneficial to the heart. In addition to keeping the heart healthy, blood pressure is controlled. At the same time, it reduces the risk of stroke, heart attack and various heart diseases. For this, you should eat a lot of fruits, vegetables, cereals and fish.
Body weight control
Excess weight is one of the reasons for increased blood pressure. Weight loss must be controlled to control this disease. For this reason, a healthy diet and a workout regimen should be developed.
Increase physical labor
Physical effort is required to control body weight. As well as regular exercise habits help to reduce anxiety as well as naturally control high blood pressure. At the same time helps to keep the heart healthy. For this reason, you should exercise at least 5 minutes a week. That is, an average of half an hour five days a week. However, as the volume increases, the blood pressure will be more controlled.
Mental stress control
Blood pressure increases due to mental stress. That is why it has to be controlled at any cost. Exercise can control mental stress. As well as meditation, long breathing, massage, muscle relaxation and yoga, mental exhaustion can be controlled.
Smoking and Alcohol Avoidance
Patients with hypertension should avoid smoking if they have a smoking habit. Because tobacco damages the body’s tissues and tightens the blood vessels. If you have a habit of drinking alcohol, then it should be avoided.
Diet in hypertensive patients
A healthy diet is one of the simplest ways to control blood pressure Choosing the right food for her is essential. The diet of patients with hypertension should be as follows:
Less meat, more vegetables
Vegetable-based diets reduce body fat and increase the amount of sodium and harmful unsaturated and trans fat. Instead of meat, you should eat a lot of fruits, vegetables, cereals and greens. Fish, poultry and tofu should be eaten instead of red meat to meet protein deficiency.
Sodium intake should be reduced
Patients with hypertension who consume between 1500 and 2000 milligrams of sodium daily are at risk of developing various types of heart disease. To reduce the amount of sodium in the diet, the food should be cooked and eaten while fresh. Avoid restaurants and packaged foods